This study examines the impact of Islamic identity on the new foreign policy discourse of the Republic of Turkey. The main hypothesis of the study is that Islamic identity, especially under the influence of the Justice and Development Party, plays a key role in shaping Turkey’s foreign policy approaches in the Middle East. The main question is how does Islamic identity affect Turkey’s foreign policy orientations in the region? In theoretical foundations, the study relies on an identity constructivist approach that considers Islamic identity as a constructed and dynamic phenomenon that is shaped through the discourse and symbolic actions of political elites and helps redefine Turkey’s foreign policy interests and priorities. Critical discourse analysis inspired by the Fairclough framework has been used to examine how Islamic concepts are institutionalized in foreign policy. In this framework, Islamic discourse is considered a tool for domestic legitimization and strengthening Turkey’s international position in the Islamic world. The research method is qualitative and based on the analysis of historical sources, previous studies, and specialized interviews with Turkish foreign policy experts. The data were collected through the review of official documents, scientific articles and analysis of politicians' discourse. The results show that Islamic identity, especially during the Justice and Development Party era, has strengthened critical approaches towards the West, emphasized strategic independence and increased Turkey's influence in the Islamic world.